츮 ġ °?
ظ | ϴ Źа
ڴ ɾƼ ؾ , ڴ ϰ ϰ ;, ڴ ɾƼ ȭ ;. ο 츮 ϰ ̴. ڸ ̳ ǵ ϰ ൿѴٸ ڴ پ , ̳ ǵ ϴ ſ ڶ ִ. ݴǴ 쵵 ִ. տ ϴ, Ʋ ϴ, ƴϸ ܾ ϴ Ȳغ ̴. ƹ õǰ ε ص ȴ.1
극۴ ǥ̻ ںõ ̴. (affordance) ϰ õϴ ſ پ ̶ ְڴ. ³ ̹ ϴ Ǵ Ӽ ü Ͽ Ư ൿ ϰԲ ϰų Ư ൿ ϰ ϴ Ѵ. , ϴ ൿ ϸ, ħ ɴ ൿ Ѵ.
츮 ൿ̳ , ܷ 찡 ⼱ θ . Ѹ (afford) ~ ִ, ~ص ȴ, ~ ϴ, ϴ١ , ΰ ǻ ȣۿ, ɸ, , ͷ , ȯ ɸ, ΰ о߿ ٸ ϴ ̶͡ δ.
̱ ɸ ӽ 齼(James J. Gibson, 1904~1979) 1977 ǥ ̷(The Theory of Affordances)̶ ó ð ȯ (The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception)(1979) θ ˷. 齼 (̳ ) ̿ ִ Ӽ̳ 踦 Ű , ̱ ε (Donald A. Norman, 1935~) ΰ ΰɸ(The Psychology of Everyday Things)(1988) ΰ ǻ ȣۿ о ߴ. ڸ, ϴ () (perceived affordance) ϴ Ȯϴ. ̳ʴ ̴ ̳ Ҹ ϴ ƴ϶ ؾ Ѵ١ ߴ.2
ǻ Ʈ ġ ˷ ִ ̽(interface) ü ִ.3 , ̽ ٸ ü ̿ ȣ ȭϴ ǹϴ Ŀ´̼ ̴. 츮 ֺ ִ ̽ ̾߱ 캸. μ . Ϸ 鼭 ߴ, . Ǽ ⸦ ߸ , Ϸ Է Ͱ . ƹ ǻ å о, α ھ. Ŵ ƹ ھ.4
, ڱ ϰ ϰ Ǵµ, ̶ 츮 䡯 ִ ̴. , ؾ ϴ ִ 츮 ˷ִ Ư ü ϰ ִ ̴١ Ѵ.
ֱٿ ߸Ǿ ֽ ʾƵ Ű ﰢ ִ 찡 , ٸ. ε鿡 ż ûҳ ̷ ﰢ ˾ . ¾ڸ Բ ƿ ûҳ ο ŭ ȯ濡 ͼϱ ̴. ΰ ݱ ڿȯ ӿ ƿ Ծ ǰڱ Ǵ ϰڱ ﰢ Ǵ ־ ͵ ڿ ΰ ӿ ڿȯ ϰ ־ ̶ ִ.5
ϴ Ʋ ϴ ƴϸ ܾ ϴ
踮 (Barry Wellman) Ʈũȭ Ǹ ͳ ȸ (The Social Affordances of the Internet for Networked Individualism)(2003) ũ ȸ ٷ. , ũ ġȸ Ӽ ڴ ̴. ط ̴Ͻ(Harold Innis) Ŀ´̼ (bias communication) ʱ ̸, ڵ尡 ̴(code is law) η ñ(Lawrence Lessig) ֱ ̶ ִ.6
츮 ο ̵ ̰ ? ´ٸ, ̰ ̵ ǹϴ ̴.7 , ȭ ̵ 鿡 ൿ ְ ϴ ο ϸ, ̰ ġȸ ǹ̴ ſ ũ.8 ̵ ٸ ȣۿ ִ ȸ ν ġȸ ǹ̸ Ǵ ȸ (social affordance) Ѵ. Ʈ . Ͽ ΰ(Howard Rheingold) Ʈʹ ȿ ؽƮ Էϴ ڿ ١ Ѵ.
ƮͿ Ʈ Ȱ ϰų ϵ ִ. Ʈ ڴ Ѵٸ ȷο ְ, ٸ 鵵 ȷο ִ. ȷ Ī̴. ڴ ġ ʴ ȷ ִ. ȷο Ȯ ִ. ΰ ȸ ǹѴ.9
ۿ پ о߿ ִ. 켱 . ȣ ѱ 鵵 , ڵ 귣尡 Ǵ Ȱϰ ִ١ () 丮 ߿ ǰ ƴϰ ǰ ϴ ȯ(fantasy)̴١ Ѵ.10
߿ ü ϰ ǸŴ ߴ ʰ . ںõ ̳ ͵ ƴϴ. Һ ̰, ǵϴ Һڰ ൿϵ Ѵٸ ǹ̰ ͵̴. Ƿ ̳ ߾ Ѵ١ Ѵ.
ϸ Ǵ ϰ ʿϴ. ΰ ϴ ž Ѵ. ǵ ൿϵ ϴ , 귣尡 DZ ù ° ǵ Ȯȭϴ ̴. 屸 , ൿ ϵ ǵ и ϴ ߿ϴ. ̵ 귣 ڼ Ͽ Ȥ ɼ .11
ڱ߿ ִ. ڽ ̷ ϴ ο ΰ ֺ ȯ ϴ ̴. ǥ ū å . ִ å 鼭 ϰ Ͱڴ°? å 缭 ä ̴. å ڿ å д ȯ ƴ١ Ѵ.
θ Ϸ ͵ . dz, µ, å , å ѱ Ҹ, Ư 尨 Բ й ϴ . ̰ ȯ̴. ϰ ۾ϴ Ұ . ȯ濡 ڽ ع ʰ ִ ƴ϶ ȯ ٲ㺸 ? ɷ ڽ ߰ ִ.12
å Ѵٰ Ѵ. ״ ΰ ü ȸ ִ 衯 . ΰ ൿ ո ո ʴ١ ̷ Ѵ. ΰ ո Ǵܸ ƴ϶, ź ſ Ǵϰ ൿѴ. ġ ΰ ൿ ִ ȸ Ѵ. ּ ִ ٴ ħ ִ ؾ Ѵ. å ״ ǥ ϴ ġε ´ ο Ժ ȯ (ժ) ̴. 츮 ΰ ؾ ϴ .13
̴ 2012 ̶ ؾ . ̿ ѱε (Φ) ȭǾ, ޱ °? ǹ ູ ٴ ̴. Ȳ ġ ʿϴٸ, װ ⺸ٴ , , , ̲ ִ ƴұ? ̷ ǹ ũ ġ Ű Ѵٸ, ̸ (nudge) ִ.14
ѱ ش ġ غ ʿ䰡 ִ. 츮 ġ ۽Ű ൿ ִ ̽ Ű 鼭, ġ Ϲ Ϻ ǰ ϰ ִ. , ġ ̴.
а ο ġ ǰ Ǵ ݸ, ۽Ű ǰȭ ƴ. θ¢ ̸ ִ°? ǰȭ α⸦ Ƶ ϴ. , ġ ߴ ݸ, ǻ ϴٰ ص ƴϴ. ڰ źϸ鼭 ⲯؾ ۺ״ θ ӹ (spectator democracy) ȸ ̱ ϴ.( Ĺ ϷĹȣ : ι11ȣ )